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<text>
<title>
England United Kingdom: Government
</title>
<article><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: United Kingdom
Government</hdr><body>
<list>
<l>Names:</l>
<l> conventional long form: United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Northern Ireland</l>
<l> conventional short form: United Kingdom</l>
</list>
<p>Abbreviation: UK
</p>
<p>Digraph: UK
</p>
<p>Type: constitutional monarchy
</p>
<p>Capital: London
</p>
<p>Administrative divisions: 47 counties, 7 metropolitan
counties, 26 districts, 9 regions, and 3 islands areas
</p>
<p> England: 39 counties, 7 metropolitan counties*; Avon,
Bedford, Berkshire, Buckingham, Cambridge, Cheshire, Cleveland,
Cornwall, Cumbria, Derby, Devon, Dorset, Durham, East Sussex,
Essex, Gloucester, Greater London*, Greater Manchester*,
Hampshire, Hereford and Worcester, Hertford, Humberside, Isle of
Wight, Kent, Lancashire, Leicester, Lincoln, Merseyside*,
Norfolk, Northampton, Northumberland, North Yorkshire,
Nottingham, Oxford, Shropshire, Somerset, South Yorkshire*,
Stafford, Suffolk, Surrey, Tyne and Wear*, Warwick, West
Midlands*, West Sussex, West Yorkshire*, Wiltshire
</p>
<p> Northern Ireland: 26 districts; Antrim, Ards, Armagh,
Ballymena, Ballymoney, Banbridge, Belfast, Carrickfergus,
Castlereagh, Coleraine, Cookstown, Craigavon, Down, Dungannon,
Fermanagh, Larne, Limavady, Lisburn, Londonderry, Magherafelt,
Moyle, Newry and Mourne, Newtownabbey, North Down, Omagh,
Strabane
</p>
<p> Scotland: 9 regions, 3 islands areas*; Borders, Central,
Dumfries and Galloway, Fife, Grampian, Highland, Lothian,
Orkney*, Shetland*, Strathclyde, Tayside, Western Isles*
</p>
<p> Wales: 8 counties; Clwyd, Dyfed, Gwent, Gwynedd, Mid
Glamorgan, Powys, South Glamorgan, West Glamorgan
</p>
<p>Dependent areas: Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean
Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland
Islands, Gibraltar, Guernsey, Hong Kong (scheduled to become a
Special Administrative Region of China on 1 July 1997), Jersey,
Isle of Man, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena, South
Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands
</p>
<p>Independence: 1 January 1801 (United Kingdom established)
</p>
<p>Constitution: unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law
and practice
</p>
<p>Legal system: common law tradition with early Roman and modern
continental influences; no judicial review of Acts of
Parliament; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with
reservations
</p>
<p>National holiday: Celebration of the Birthday of the Queen
(second Saturday in June)
</p>
<p>Political parties and leaders: Conservative and Unionist
Party, John MAJOR; Labor Party, John SMITH; Liberal Democrats
(LD), Jeremy (Paddy) ASHDOWN; Scottish National Party, Alex
SALMOND; Welsh National Party (Plaid Cymru), Dafydd Iwan WIGLEY;
Ulster Unionist Party (Northern Ireland), James MOLYNEAUX;
Democratic Unionist Party (Northern Ireland), Rev. Ian PAISLEY;
Ulster Popular Unionist Party (Northern Ireland), James
KILFEDDER; Social Democratic and Labor Party (SDLP, Northern
Ireland), John HUME; Sinn Fein (Northern Ireland), Gerry ADAMS
</p>
<p>Other political or pressure groups: Trades Union Congress;
Confederation of British Industry; National Farmers' Union;
Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
</p>
<p>Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
</p>
<p>Elections:
</p>
<p> House of Commons: last held 9 April 1992 (next to be held by
NA April 1997); results - Conservative 41.9%, Labor 34.5%,
Liberal Democratic 17.9%, other 5.7%; seats - (651 total)
Conservative 336, Labor 271, Liberal Democratic 20, other 24
</p>
<p>Executive branch: monarch, prime minister, Cabinet
</p>
<p>Legislative branch: bicameral Parliament consists of an upper
house or House of Lords and a lower house or House of Commons
</p>
<p>Judicial branch: House of Lords
</p>
<p>Leaders:
</p>
<p> Chief of State: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952);
Heir Apparent Prince CHARLES (son of the Queen, born 14 November
1948)
</p>
<p> Head of Government: Prime Minister John MAJOR (since 28
November 1990)
</p>
<p>Member of: AfDB, AG (observer), AsDB, Australian Group, BIS,
C, CCC, CDB (non-regional), CE, CERN, COCOM, CP, CSCE, EBRD, EC,
ECA (associate), ECE, ECLAC, EIB, ESCAP, ESA, FAO, G-5, G-7,
G-10, GATT, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, IDA, IEA, IFAD,
IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM
(observer), ISO, ITU, LORCS, MINURSO, MTRC, NACC, NATO, NEA,
NSG, OECD, PCA, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM,
UNPROFOR, UNRWA, UN Security Council, UNTAC, UN Trusteeship
Council, UPU, WCL, WEU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, ZC
</p>
<list>
<l>Diplomatic representation in US:</l>
<l> chief of mission: Ambassador Sir Robin RENWICK</l>
<l> chancery: 3100 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC
20008</l>
<l> telephone: (202) 462-1340</l>
<l> FAX: (202) 898-4255</l>
<l> consulates general: Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Cleveland,
Houston, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco,</l>
<l> consulates: Dallas, Miami, and Seattle</l>
</list>
<list>
<l>US diplomatic representation:</l>
<l> chief of mission: Ambassador Raymond G. H. SEITZ</l>
<l> embassy: 24/31 Grosvenor Square, London, W.1A1AE</l>
<l> mailing address: PSC 801, Box 40, FPO AE 09498-4040</l>
<l> telephone: [44] (71) 499-9000</l>
<l> FAX: [44] (71) 409-1637</l>
<l> consulates general: Belfast and Edinburgh</l>
</list>
<p>Flag: blue with the red cross of Saint George (patron saint of
England) edged in white superimposed on the diagonal red cross
of Saint Patrick (patron saint of Ireland) which is superimposed
on the diagonal white cross of Saint Andrew (patron saint of
Scotland); known as the Union Flag or Union Jack; the design and
colors (especially the Blue Ensign) have been the basis for a
number of other flags including dependencies, Commonwealth
countries, and others
</p></body></article></text>